Reasons that can affect the appearance of toenails:

1. The most common reason is a fungus. A fungus is an organism that lives and thrives in warm, moist areas. This makes our shoes the perfect breeding ground for these pesky little organisms. Toenail fungus can affect people of every age but, it most commonly affects older people. Treating toenail fungus is best if caught early, so even if you notice the slightest change to your nails, don’t hesitate to see your local podiatrist. They may take a sample of your toenail to send away to a lab to confirm the diagnosis before prescribing you a topical antifungal or oral medication. 

2. Toe Trauma/Injury – dropping something on your toe or stubbing it can result in permanent damage to the nail. 

3. Systemic skin conditions such as eczema or psoriasis.

4. Peripheral vascular disease or poor blood circulation to the extremities is a problem that affects many people and can also cause toenails to become dry and brittle.

5. Rarer than common reasons, include yellow nail syndrome and even endocarditis has been linked with splinter hemorrhages aka small, red lines seen in the nail.

 
 

Q&A

Q: What are common causes of toenail changes?
A: Toenail changes can be caused by fungal infections, toe injuries, skin conditions like eczema or psoriasis, poor circulation, and rare conditions such as yellow nail syndrome or endocarditis.

Q: How do fungal infections affect toenails?
A: Fungal infections can discolor and distort toenails. Early detection and treatment are key.

Q: What does toe trauma do to toenails?
A: Trauma can cause permanent damage to the nail.

Q: How can skin conditions impact toenails?
A: Conditions like eczema or psoriasis may alter the nail's color and texture.

Q: What does poor circulation do to toenails?
A: It can make nails dry and brittle.

Q: What are rare causes of toenail changes?
A: Rare causes include yellow nail syndrome and splinter hemorrhages from endocarditis.